Background of the study
Phonemic distinctions form the foundation of language identity and play a critical role in effective communication. In Nigeria, Yoruba and Hausa represent two major linguistic groups with distinct phonemic systems. This study offers a comparative analysis of these phonemic distinctions to understand their implications for language policy and education. The research examines the specific sounds that differentiate meaning in each language, focusing on aspects such as vowel quality, consonantal articulation, and tonal variations (Okoro, 2023). By analyzing linguistic data from native speakers and educational materials, the study highlights the challenges and opportunities for standardizing pronunciation in multilingual contexts. The findings are expected to inform language policy by providing evidence-based recommendations for teaching and preserving the phonemic integrity of Yoruba and Hausa (Balogun, 2024). Moreover, the research situates these phonemic features within the broader socio-political context of Nigerian language planning, emphasizing the need for policies that accommodate linguistic diversity while promoting national unity (Adebisi, 2025).
Statement of the problem
Despite the cultural and communicative importance of phonemic distinctions in Yoruba and Hausa, there is limited comparative research that informs effective language policy. Variations in phonemic realization often lead to misunderstandings and pose challenges in educational settings (Okoro, 2023). The absence of standardized approaches to pronunciation has hindered efforts to promote clear communication and language preservation. Without a systematic comparative analysis, policymakers and educators lack the necessary data to design curricula that respect the phonemic integrity of both languages while ensuring mutual intelligibility. This study addresses this gap by providing a detailed comparative analysis of the phonemic systems of Yoruba and Hausa, offering insights for improved language policy and education (Balogun, 2024).
Objectives of the study:
1. To compare the phonemic distinctions between Yoruba and Hausa.
2. To assess the impact of these distinctions on language comprehension and education.
3. To provide recommendations for language policy that preserves phonemic integrity.
Research questions:
1. What are the key phonemic differences between Yoruba and Hausa?
2. How do these differences affect communication and learning?
3. What policy measures can enhance phonemic standardization?
Significance of the study
This study is significant as it provides a comparative analysis of phonemic distinctions in Yoruba and Hausa, offering valuable insights for language policy formulation and educational practices. The findings will aid policymakers and educators in developing strategies that preserve linguistic diversity while promoting effective communication (Adebisi, 2025).
Scope and limitations of the study:
The study focuses solely on the phonemic distinctions in Yoruba and Hausa. It does not extend to other linguistic features or Nigerian languages.
Definitions of terms:
1. Phonemic Distinctions: Differences in sound that distinguish meaning in a language.
2. Yoruba: A major Nigerian language with a rich tonal system.
3. Hausa: A widely spoken Chadic language in Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
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